Biodegradasi Residu Total Petroleum Hidrokarbon Di Bawah Konsentrasi 1% (W/w) Hasil Proses Bioremediasi (Biodegradation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Residues Below 1% Concentration (W/w) Using Bioremediation Process)

摘要

The mining sector of oil and gas are likely to generate waste wbich is perceived as a source of environmental pollution. According to “Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 128/2003” (Environmental Ministry Decree), the process of bioremediation is an alternative technology to minimize and recover land which polluted by microorganism activities until the final requirements of petroleum waste concentration is less than 1%. Indigenous microorganisms elected on small substrate concentrations are expected to get the smallest saturation value of the substrate so the highest affinity level can be obtained. The purpose of the research sought and identified petrofilic microorganisms isolated by bioremediation process resulted of 1% Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons concentration, determined the value of biodegradation kinetic parameters, and applied the microorganisms selected on bioremediation process of landfarming. The isolation and identification of indigenous bacteria process produced Pseudomonas putida AK.A and Pseudomonas diminuta AK.B. Determination of biodegradation kinetics was performed on each isolate and mixed culture. The value of specific growth rate (μ), maximum specific growth rate (μmax), the concentration of half saturation (KS), the synthesis of cell production coefficient (Y), specific substrate utilization rate (q), maximum specific substrate utilization rate (qmax), and endogenous decay coefficient (kd) for P. putida AK.A are 0.0679-0.0788/hour; 0.078/hour; 0.0152%; 0.1011; 0.6716-0.7794/hour; 0.76/hour; 0.0085/hour; P. diminuta AK.B are 0.0754-0.0874/hour; 0.0873/hour; 0.0182%; 0.1246; 0.7458-0.8645/hour; 0.701/hour; 0.0058/hour; meanwhile for mix culture are 0.0825-0.0948/hour; 0.0945/hour; 0.016%; 0.2257; 0.8160-0.9377/hour; 0.419/hour; 0.0035/hour. The mixed culture bacteria was used on landfarming reactor. Based on the results, isolates of Pseudomonas bacteria in mixed cultures can reduce TPH concentrations below 1% at landfarming reactor.